The pathology “Acute emphysematous alithiasic cholecystitis” has the following characteristics:
- The gallbladder is enlarged (its length is greater than 10 cm, the anterioposterior diameter is greater than 4.0 cm).
- Tonicity is increased (the gallbladder has the tense aspect).
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- The gallbladder wall is thickened, possibly greater than 0.8 cm, with striated aspect.
- The gallbladder contour has the homogeneous band aspect, linear or double.
- The gallbladder contents is abnormal.
- The focal modifications are present: with the aspect of echogenic punctiform images, linear or millimeter. Modifications present movement ascending to the anterior wall of gallbladder and form fugal posterior reverberation. Modifications with the aspect of sludge or sludge balls are absent or present.
- The diffuse modifications are present, with the aspect of echogenic, linear or membrane images, with nonuniform spreading, localized declive, stratified or gravitationally, with chaotic, roving or organized mobility.
- Of all acoustic effects, the modifications sometimes can present only the posterior reverberation of static type.
- The pains in the interested zone are present.
- Murphy's sign is positive.
- The paraclinical data (hemogram) are the pathological ones.
- The gallbladder obstruction is absent or present.
- The perivesicular area can be without modifications or present transsonic or inhomogeneous collections with striplike aspect, or collections or abnormal accumulations, localized segmentally or on the whole gallbladder perimeter.
